Clinico-epidemiological Study of Female Breast Diseases in a Tertiary Care Center of South-Eastern Rajasthan

Abstract

Background: Breast diseases represent a wide spectrum of clinical conditions ranging from benign lesions to malignant neoplasms and constitute a major cause of morbidity among women worldwide. In developing countries like India, delayed presentation and lack of awareness significantly influence disease outcomes. Objectives: To evaluate the clinico-epidemiological profile, clinical presentation, and histopathological spectrum of female breast diseases in a tertiary care center in South-Eastern Rajasthan. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among female patients presenting with breast complaints in a tertiary care hospital. Detailed clinical evaluation, radiological investigations, and cytological/histopathological confirmation were performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and expressed as mean ± SD and percentages. Results: A total of 250 patients were included. The majority belonged to the 21–30 years age group. Breast lump was the most common presenting complaint. Benign breast diseases accounted for the majority of cases, with fibroadenoma being the most common diagnosis. Malignant lesions were predominantly seen in older age groups, with invasive ductal carcinoma being the most frequent subtype. Most malignant cases presented in Stage II or III. Conclusion: Benign breast diseases are more prevalent than malignant conditions; however, late presentation of breast cancer remains a significant concern. Early detection strategies and awareness programs are essential for improving outcomes.

Keywords: Breast diseases, fibroadenoma, breast carcinoma, epidemiology, triple assessment