Radiological Evaluation of Post-Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Carcinoma Cervix with Radiation Induced Rectovaginal Fistula: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for locally advanced carcinoma cervix. Post-radiation changes and late complications may mimic disease recurrence, making imaging evaluation crucial. Case report: A treated case of carcinoma cervix post-concurrent chemoradiotherapy underwent contrast-enhanced MRI pelvis for follow-up evaluation. Discussion: Imaging showed no residual or recurrent cervical tumor. Post-radiation fibrosis with cervical stenosis causing endometrial cavity collection and a radiation-induced rectovaginal fistula were identified, without any enhancing mass to suggest recurrence. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of imaging in differentiating post-treatment radiation-induced complications from recurrent carcinoma cervix.

Keywords: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy, carcinoma cervix, radiation