To find out the risk factors associated with cataract development in tertiary care hospital Saudi, Riyadh – A case control study

Abstract

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the risk variables linked to the development of cataracts in a Saudi Arabia tertiary care facility. By using a case-control approach, the study aimed to identify important correlations between different factors and the incidence of cataracts, which will provide important information for focused interventions and preventive actions in the community.

Method:

Direct interviews were used to gather demographic and vulnerability data using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Important risk factors for the development of cataracts were estimated, including smoking, diabetes, hypertension, glaucoma, trauma, myopia, and intraocular inflammation.

Result

The findings indicate that individuals with diabetes had a twofold increased risk (odds ratio 2.04), which is corroborated by a significant p-value (0.0009) and a tight 95% confidence interval (0.68-6.11). The results indicated that glaucoma was a significant risk factor (odds ratio 10.36), with a notable confidence range (2.74-39.18) and a p-value of 0.000. A significant p-value of 0.010 indicated a small increase in risk for hypertension, with an odds ratio of 1.08. The odds ratio for myopia was 2.73, which indicates a higher risk; however, a greater confidence interval (0.30-9.89) and a p-value of 0.005 indicate some variability.

Conclusion

The research endeavor's outcomes will enhance comprehension of the inception of cataracts in the local populace, offering crucial perspectives for healthcare practitioners and policymakers to execute focused preventive measures and treatments.