Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing of Salmonella from Sheep and Goats Slaughtered at Haramaya Municipal Abattoir, Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to August 2021 at Haramaya municipal abattoir, eastern of Ethiopia with the aims to isolate, identify and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella. Isolation and identification was performed by conventional methods for detection and identification of Salmonella according to (ISO-6579, 2002). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method. A total of 228 samples of meat, meat swab, cecum feces and skin swab was collected from sheep and goats, and examined for the presence Salmonella. Out of total samples, 34 (14.91%) was found positive for Salmonella and there was statistically significant variation between positive Salmonella and sample sources (p=0.000). All of 34 isolated Salmonella were exhibited 100% multi-drug resistance and highest percentages of resistance were observed for amoxicillin (100%), chloramphenicol (100%), ampicillin (94.1%) and tetracycline (70.6%). However, all isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and 97.1% were sensitive to kanamycin. The highest level of resistance of Salmonella against most commonly used antimicrobials detected by this study may pose challenges to veterinary and human health sectors. Therefore, it is advisable to work on improving a good hygiene in abattoir to minimize incidence of infection and it will be better if principle of antimicrobial stewardship applied and unregulated use of antibiotics avoided both in humans and animals.