Attitude and socio-cultural practices during menstruation in nursing students

Abstract

Background: Menstruation significantly influences women’s physical, mental, and social well-being. Despite its importance, menstrual health is often stigmatized, leading to discrimination and inadequate management, especially in India. Nursing students face unique challenges in managing their menstrual health due to demanding academic and clinical environments. This study explores the emotional, physical, and cultural dimensions of menstrual hygiene among nursing students. Objectives: This study aims to understand the emotional, physical, and cultural experiences related to menstruation among nursing students and to identify the challenges they face in managing menstrual health.

Methodology: A qualitative research design employing focus group discussions was used to gather in-depth insights from nursing students at MGM Nursing College, Aurangabad. Twenty purposively sampled students participated in two FGDs. Data were analyzed thematically to identify significant patterns and themes. Results: Five major themes emerged from the data- 1) Emotional and Physical Experiences of Menstruation: Participants reported negative emotions, discomfort, and a sense of unfairness associated with menstruation ; 2)Attitudes Towards Rituals and Restrictions: There was a unanimous rejection of outdated menstrual restrictions and a call for abolishing such practices; 3) Participation in Social Gatherings: Hygiene concerns and physical limitations often led to reduced social participation during menstruation ; 4)Communication and Stigma: Participants preferred discussing menstruation with peers rather than family, particularly male relatives, due to cultural barriers; 5)Societal Change and Advocacy: There was a strong advocacy for supportive environments, cultural celebrations of menarche, and policy changes like menstrual leave. Conclusion: Menstruation among nursing students is characterized by negative emotional and physical experiences, cultural and social restrictions, and communication barriers. There is a need for supportive environments and policy changes to improve menstrual health management and reduce stigma.

Keywords: Menstrual Health, Nursing Students, Menstrual Stigma, Cultural Practices, Qualitative Study.