Correlation between Serum Homocysteine & Lipid Profile in patient with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a powerful determinant of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, varies from 9% to 27% depending on geographical location and age of the study population. Homocysteine (Hcy) is a biomarker for cardiovascular disease. There is limited number of data concerning relation between Hcy and lipid profiles in the North Eastern region of India.

Aim: This study aims to determine association of homocysteine and lipid profile levels in patients of metabolic syndrome.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with the department of Medicine, RIMS, Imphal from February 2020 to January 2022 which consisted of 100 patients aged 30 years and above with MetS identified using IDF (2006) criteria. The patients were divided into two groups based on the Hcy levels ((Hcy≥15 μmol/L and Hcy<15 μmol/L) for analysis.The correlation of Homocysteine with lipid indices was calculated using Pearson’s coefficient analysis.

Results: The values of BMI (P=0.023), SBP (P=0.008), DBP (p=0.009), TC p=0.024), TG (p=0.003), HDL-C (p=0.045) and LDL-C (p=0.016) were significantly higher in MetS patients whose Hcy >15 µmol/Dl than patients with Hcy ≤ 15 µmol/dL. Pearson’s correlation was used to access the correlation of homocysteine and cardiovascular risk factors. The results demonstrated that age (r=0.235, p<0.05), BMI (r=0.212, p<0.05), TC (r=0.433, p<0.05) and LDL-C (r=0.423, p<0.05) were positively correlated with Hcy.

Conclusion: The present study showed that hyperhomocysteinemia being an independent predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disease has a strong positive association with total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL which provides evidence that homocysteine might effect lipid (TC, TG & LDL) metabolism.

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, Homocysteine, Triglyceride, Cholesterol