Surgical Site Infection Rates: A Retrospective Study on the Effectiveness of Prophylactic Antibiotic Protocols

Abstract

Background

Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) are a prevalent complication following surgical procedures, impacting patient recovery and healthcare resources. Effective prophylactic antibiotic use is critical in reducing the incidence of SSIs and improving surgical outcomes.

Objective

To determine the role of different antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing surgical site infections.

Study Design

Observational Study Design

Results

The analysis of prophylactic antibiotic use in preventing Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) indicates a high adherence to appropriate indications (87%) and duration (91%) of antibiotic administration. However, timing compliance is lower (72% appropriate). Ceftriaxone is the most used antibiotic, followed by Metronidazole and their combination. Ampicillin use is associated with the highest number of SSIs, suggesting it may be less effective in SSI prevention compared to other antibiotics in the study's context.

Conclusion
The study concludes that while adherence to antibiotic indication and duration is commendable, improving the timing of administration is crucial. The choice of antibiotic significantly impacts SSI outcomes, with ceftriaxone being preferred and ampicillin linked to higher SSI rates, underscoring the need for judicious antibiotic selection.

Keywords: Surgical Site Infections, Prophylactic Antibiotics, SSI Prevention, Antibiotic Stewardship, Postoperative Care