Occurrence, Risk Factors and the Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Enterococcal Infections in the University Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Maharashtra India
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Abstract
Background- Enterococci are gram positive cocci occurring in pairs in majority of the cases, at angles & sometimes can appear as short chains. In the course of the last two decades, enterococci have been recognized as imperative healthcare-associated opportunistic pathogens. The study was planned with the purpose to understand the incidence, risk factors, antimicrobial resistance pattern of enterococcal infections in the University hospital.
Methods-This retrospective study was conducted in the Microbiology laboratory in a University hospital from January 2021 to June 2022. Identification of enterococci was done by using standard conventional methods. Speciation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were carried out by using “The BD Phoenix™ M50 automated identification system.
Results- Total of 7635 clinical samples were received during the study period in the Microbiology laboratory. Of these, 2422 samples [31.72%] showed the pathogen growth. 254 [37.51%] were identified as E. fecalis and E. faecium.
Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern revealed susceptibility of 100% for fosfomycin, tigecycline, and daptomycin. 97.5% isolates showed susceptibility to linezolid, 95% to vancomycin, 93% to teicoplanin,75% isolates were susceptible to imipenem, 66.7% to ampicilin and 63% to amoxiclav. 63% urinary isolates of enterococci were susceptible to nitrofurantoin. 5% enterococcal strains were detected as vancomycin-resistant by phenotypic methods. In present study, the risk factors for acquiring enterococcal infections were prior myocardial infarction, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary infections.
Conclusion- Sustained investigation dedicated to comprehending the resistance mechanisms in enterococci is crucial for the development of innovative combination treatments or the creation of fresh antimicrobial agents
Keywords: Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci, High Level Aminoglycoside Resistance, Risk factors, Infection Control, Antimicrobial Stewardship
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