To Study the Levels of Cytokines in Hypothyroid Patients Suffering with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Hypothyroid patients affected with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are characterized by abnormalities in blood pressure, blood sugar, waist circumference, and cholesterol or triglyceride levels. Aim: To assess the effect of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, and TNF-α on health in hypothyroid patients affected with T2DM. Materials & Methods: The study included 100 hypothyroid patients affected with T2DM and 100 healthy controls. This research examined Indore Index Medical College & Research Centre patients. After approval, the study's researchers began. Before the study, each subject gave informed consent. Type 1 diabetes or fewer than five years of clinical symptoms and documented T2DM duration were excluded.  Healthy controls were those without diabetes, multivitamins, or comorbidities. Results: The study examined the serum levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-15 in people with hypothyroid and T2DM and subjects in the control group and found significant statistical differences between the two groups. In contrast, the study found no statistically significant differences in IFN-γ and IL-15 levels across the groups. Conversely, healthy control individuals have exhibited increased serum levels of thyroxine, IL-2, and IL-15 compared to persons with hypothyroid and T2DM. Conclusion: Both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were shown to play a role in the progression of secondary diseases in hypothyroid patients with T2DM, as shown by the study.

Keywords: Hypothyroidism; Tumor necrosis factor; Cytokines; Body mass index; Inflammation.