STUDY OF PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DURATION OF DIABETES, GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Background: The lung is rich in microvascular circulation and abundant connective tissue, that raises the possibility of pulmonary damage by microangiopathic process and non enzymatic glycosylation of tissue proteins induced by chronic hyperglycemia, rendering the lung a target organ in diabetic patients. This study pertains to corelate the effect of duration of diabetes, glycemic status and association of microvascular complications with PFT
Objectives: To study the effect of duration of diabetes mellitus and glycemic status on pulmonary function test, and to determine the association of microvascular complications in relation with PFT
Methods: 100 patients of both genders with type 2 diabetes mellites in the age group of 30 to 65 years with multiple exclusion criteria were subjected for detailed history, examination, and investigations to rule out microvascular complications including HbA1c, microalbuminuria, fundoscopy, nerve conduction velocity study and PFT.
Results: Among the 100 patients studied, as the duration of the illness progressed, there was a significant reduction in PFT. There was no association between HbA1c and PFT. FVC and FEV1 were reduced in patients with microvascular complications, of which diabetic nephropathy was closely associated with PFT and diabetic retinopathy was the most common microvascular complication. 67% of patients had restrictive pattern and 3% had obstructive pattern of lung impairment
Conclusion: The PFT parameters were affected more with longer duration of diabetes mellites. Strict glycemic control and regular breathing exercises to strengthen the respiratory muscles may improve the PFT. Spirometry helps in early detection and preventive measures can be advised
Keywords: Hyperglycemia, pulmonary function test, microvascular complications, HbA1c, diabetes mellitus, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1)