Blood Loss By Use Of Intra-ArticularTranexamic Acid In Total Knee Replacement; A Cross Sectional Study.

Abstract

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common surgeries in orthopaedics today. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic medication that can reduce perioperative blood loss in TKA. However, the best method of delivery has not been defined although topical intra-articular TXA (IA-TXA) may have a theoretical advantage as it is applied directly when and where it is needed to control bleeding.Aim: To find blood loss by use of intra-articular tranexamic acid in total knee replacement. Material and methods: A prospective observational study was carried out which included 40 patients undergoing TKR in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. Post-operative outcomes such as blood loss, Hb count (pre and post-operative), need of blood transfusion, etc. was studied in both groups. Results: In present study average age in years of patient was 63.6+8.4. In present study average blood volume of patient was 3.94+0.66, average HB in gm% of  patient was 12.95+0.94, average HB in gm% on day 1 of patient was 11.54+0.94 and on day 3 was 10.94+0.89. In present study average blood loss in ml on day 1 of  patient was 433.52+166.79 and on day 3 of patient was 741.66+275.34. Conclusion: Study demonstrate that the intra articular administration of tranexamic has good efficacy in reducing blood loss during total knee replacement surgery. With respect to avoiding blood transfusions, intra articular administration is efficacious. Additionally, intra articular administration controlled blood loss, without complications. Considering intra articular TXA works directly at the surgical site and has markedly decreased systemic absorption, intra articular application could be a rational choice.