PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF BACOPA MONNIERA AS A POTENTIAL MEDICINAL PLANT: A REVIEW

Abstract

ABSTRACT

In this current persual, we all know that the Bacopa monniera (L.) a widely growing plant has been reported to posses’ number of medicinal properties and other purposes. In this present review, an effort to give a detailed description on the literature on the Pharamacognosy, Phyto-chemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological studies of the plant Bacopa monniera (L.). This is a very important leaf species which ispresent in the world. Besides this, it has been utilized as an important medicines for the thousands of years and now there is a growing demand for plant based medicinal products, health products, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics products. Bacopa monniera (L.) is widely growing plant which is mostly used traditionally as astringent, tranquilizer, antioxidant, smooth muscle relaxant, laxative, carminative, digestive, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, depurative, and tonic actions, antianxiety, adaptogenic, brain tonic, sedative and antidepressant activity. Various plant chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from different parts of the plant belonging to the chemical constituent’scategory of alkaloids, saponins, and sterols. Many alkaloids like Brahmine and herpestine, saponins d-mannitol and hersaponin, acid A, and monnierin were isolated in India over 40 years ago. Other active chemical constituents identified include betulic acid, stigmastarol, beta-sitosterol, as well as numerous bacosides and bacopasaponins. The chemical constituents are responsible for Bacopa's cognitive effects are bacosides A and B. A review of plant description, phytochemical constituents present and their pharmacological activities are given in the present article.