Comparison of 2D:4D Ratio in Hypertensive vs. Normotensive Individuals in a Central Indian Population

Abstract

Hypertension is a major global health concern with significant cardiovascular implications. Recent studies have suggested that the 2D:4D ratio (the ratio of the lengths of the index and ring fingers) could serve as a potential biomarker for various health conditions, including hypertension, due to its association with prenatal hormone exposure. This study aimed to compare the 2D:4D ratio between hypertensive and normotensive individuals in a Central Indian population and examine its relationship with anthropometric parameters. A total of 200 male participants, including 100 hypertensive and 100 normotensive individuals, were enrolled. Significant differences in 2D:4D ratios were found between the two groups, with hypertensive individuals exhibiting higher ratios, particularly in the right hand (0.982 ± 0.025 vs. 0.963 ± 0.019, p = 0.00*) and left hand (0.975 ± 0.024 vs. 0.959 ± 0.017, p = 0.00*). The study also observed associations between the 2D:4D ratio and various anthropometric measures such as BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. These findings suggest that the 2D:4D ratio may be a useful marker for identifying individuals at risk for hypertension, reflecting the role of prenatal hormonal exposure in the development of hypertension. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms linking the 2D:4D ratio with hypertension and its potential as a predictive tool in clinical settings.

Keywords: 2D:4D ratio, Hypertension, Anthropometry, Prenatal hormones, Cardiovascular risk, Central India